Up Close and Personal With Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Tarsal tunnel syndrome refers to the compression of the nerves to the foot at the level of the ankle joint. Not unlike carpal tunnel syndrome in the wrist, patients with tarsal tunnel can complain of pain, numbness, and tingling affecting the foot and toes. The pain can worsen with activities but also the pain can occur at rest. The diagnosis can often be made with clinical history and physical examination, but can also be confirmed with neural testing (EMG/NCV) of the ankle and foot.

The initial management of tarsal tunnel syndrome comprises of rest, activity modifications, comfortable footwear, and anti-inflammatory medications. Stretching and strengthening of the muscles surrounding the foot and ankle region can help stabilize the foot and ankle and minimize swelling and irritation of the nerves. In severe cases of pain unresponsive to conservative treatment, the operative release of the entrapped nerves can help relieve pressure and improve symptoms.